The fact of the matter is that social scientists are still far from understanding what accounts for why a country splits apart, and why the break-up may be violent or peaceful. This is not to say that the breakup was caused solely by cultural differences. In retrospect, if more people had known that there wasn’t much of a shared culture in what we formerly called the Soviet Union, perhaps the breakup would not have been so surprising. Most of the countries that became independent after the breakup of the Soviet Union-Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Uzbekistan, etc.-were populated largely by people speaking a particular language and sharing a particular culture. Anthropologists were not as surprised by the breakup because they knew that the Soviet Union contained a large number of culturally diverse groups of people, such as Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, and Kazakhs, among many others. Many thought of the Soviet Union as a very powerful country, and until the breakup most gave very little thought to the many different and geographically separate cultures that comprised the Soviet Union. When the Soviet Union broke apart, most of the world was stunned. MARGARET CHAMBERLAIN, Permissions SpecialistīEVERLY JENDROWSKI, Data Capture Specialist QUIN, Editor, Imaging and Multimedia Content LYNNE MADAY, AMY SUCHOWSKI, Indexing Specialists EVI SEOUD, Assistant Manager, Composition SHERIDAN, Data CaptureĪssistants SHAWN BEALL, CINDY CLENDENON, KRISTEN HART, KIM HUNT, RACHEL KAIN, MATTHEW MAY, MARK MIKULA, KATE MILLSON, BRAD MORGAN, ANNA NESBITT, REBECCA PARKS, POLLY RAPP, Contributing Editors Background: Desert Rose block print by Arlinka Blair © Jonathan Blair/Corbis.Įditorial and Production Staff. Printed in the United States of America Printing number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Front cover photos (clockwise from top): Aymara man with llamas © Gian Berto Vanni/Corbis Japanese kindergarten students © Don Stevenson/Mira Hooded men at Oaxaca Festival © Liba Taylor/Corbis Kava Ceremony, Fiji © Charles & Josette Lenars/Corbis Wedding service in a Russian Orthodox church © Dean Conger/Corbis Egyptian ranger battalion demonstration © Corbis Boy eating lobster at Friendship Regatta festivities © Dean Conger/Corbis Akha villagers perform a Chi Ji Tsi ritual © Michael Freeman/Corbis. Includes bibliographical references and index. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Countries and their cultures / Melvin Ember and Carol R. Macmillan Reference USA 1633 Broadway New York, NY 10019 No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher. The HRAF Collection of Archaeology, the first installment of which appeared in 1999, is also accessible on the Web to those member institutions opting to receive it.Ĭountries and Their Cultures Copyright © 2001 Macmillan Reference USA, an imprint of Gale Group All rights reserved. An increasing portion of the Collection of Ethnography, which now covers more than 365 cultures, is accessible via the World Wide Web to member institutions. The HRAF Collection of Ethnography, which has been building since 1949, contains nearly one million pages of information, indexed according to more than 700 subject categories, on the cultures of the world. The mission of HRAF is to provide information that facilitates the cross-cultural study of human behavior, society, and culture. The foremost international research organization in the field of cultural anthropology, HRAF is a not-for-profit consortium of 19 Sponsoring Member institutions and more than 400 active and inactive Associate Member institutions in nearly 40 countries. WHITTEN, JR., University of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignĬountries and Their Cultures was prepared under the auspices and with the support of the Human Relations Area Files, Inc. SABLOFF, University of Pennsylvania NORMAN E. PARMAN, California State University, Fullerton PAULA L. LENNIHAN, City University of New York SUSAN M. PAUL DURRENBERGER, Pennsylvania State University STEVAN HARRELL, University of Washington PAUL HOCKINGS, University of Illinois, Chicago CONRAD P. RUSSELL BERNARD, University of Florida E. EMBER, Executive Director, Human Relations Area FilesĪ DVISORY B OARD H. MELVIN EMBER, President, Human Relations Area Files CAROL R.
0 kommentar(er)
